semiconductors

The automotive industry is changing. Our vehicles are getting electrified, connected and automated. As this trend is accelerating, it’s having an impact on how semiconductor devices, including MEMS sensors, are designed and qualified for automotive. As automotive semiconductor designers carefully consider product definition, product validation, and long-term reliability, MEMS sensor suppliers are responding to new opportunities created by electrified and automated vehicles by developing inertial measurement units (IMUs) for automated driving as well as battery pressure monitoring sensors for Li-ion EV batteries. The most complex MEMS device of all The automotive MEMS IMU is probably the most complex MEMS device that will be used inside a vehicle. This type of IMU is a System-in-Package (SiP) comprised of multiple gyroscope and accelerometer sensing elements plus a signal processing ASIC, integrated into one package that creates an inertial sensor able to measure up to six degrees of freedom (6DoF): yaw, roll and pitch for rotational movements, and lateral, longitudinal and vertical acceleration for linear movements. Degrees of freedom in a vehicle For vehicles with Level 3 autonomy and above (per SAE definition), the IMU is mandatory for taking over the trajectory control of the vehicle in case other sensors, such as the camera, radar or LiDAR, become impaired. Should such a failure occur, the IMU will function as a guidance sensor to bring the car to a safe stop within a short period of time and distance. The IMU is also used to control the regular movement of the car while driving in automated mode. While IMU technology already exists for aerospace applications, there are significant challenges to adapting it for automotive. The automotive IMU requires high performance at costs that are compatible with the automotive industry. Because automotive life cycles are long, MEMS sensor suppliers must produce the device in high volume for an extended period of time. They must also guarantee the sensor’s performance and reliability over a 10- to 15-year lifetime with no maintenance or recalibration of the sensor required. Only a few MEMS suppliers have the capability and willingness to embark on this kind of journey. Electrification is creating new applications for MEMS sensors The conversion from internal combustion engines to electrified propulsion is going to affect the powertrain MEMS market. For example, pressure sensors used in engine management for air pressure and fuel pressure will simply go away with electrification. However, the use of large Li-ion batteries in electrified vehicles has created a new application for MEMS sensors. One of the known risks of Li-ion batteries is the small probability for a battery cell to go into a thermal runaway situation that will lead to a fire. The press has reported multiple cases of EV batteries catching fire. Thermal runway effects When it comes to thermal runaway events, every second counts. Detecting the event as early as possible enables the vehicle safety system to take all necessary measures to warn occupants of an imminent fire and activate timely countermeasures (e.g., trigger fire extinguisher and call fire brigade) to mitigate the impact of the fire. Published studies have shown that measuring the pressure inside the battery pack is a good indication that a thermal runaway is starting. The outgassing of a battery cell, plus a sudden rise in temperature, will increase pressure inside the battery pack, which will generate a pressure pulse. To detect such a pressure pulse, a MEMS pressure sensor must permanently measure the pressure inside the pack. It must also report to the battery management system any suspicious change in pressure, independent of atmospheric pressure changes. It’s important to keep this kind of sensor on all the time to detect any pressure anomaly in the system, even when the vehicle is completely off. NXP has developed a pressure sensor to specifically address this new safety application in EVs, and several automotive manufacturers are already using this solution. NXP battery pressure management sensor The quest for zero defects While the automotive industry is targeting zero fatalities as its ultimate goal, the semiconductor industry and module suppliers are targeting zero defects for each and every semiconductor device. For safety-critical automotive MEMS sensors complying with the Automotive Electronics Council (AEC) Q100 qualification for semiconductors, it’s necessary but clearly not sufficient to guarantee a zero defects production launch and long-term reliability of the device. To boost the reliability and robustness of automotive sensors, NXP has developed Above and Beyond (AaB), a new methodology that studies advanced reliability and robustness well ahead of the device’s qualification and production release. Based on risk-mitigation analysis, AaB consist of extensive testing, such as test-to-fail, corner lot testing, and new use-case testing combined with advanced statistics, all of which help NXP understand how these different parameters interact with each other. As sensor suppliers must integrate AaB into their project planning, it does add time and cost to the project. The upside is that this early investment pays off as long as weaknesses in the device can be detected and corrected before a production launch. Field failures, on the other hand, can lead to unplanned redesign and requalification of a device. Worst-case, they can lead to a recall campaign that costs a huge amount of money. We’re systematically using the AaB methodology at NXP for safety-critical MEMS sensors because its potential benefits far outweigh its costs. For more information about NXP MEMS sensors, register for the upcoming webinar series, MEMS to Market: Ingredients for Success, where NXP will discuss The Growing Importance of MEMS Reliability (May 5, 2021). Register by March 10 to watch all the webinars LIVE. Each webinar will also be available to watch on-demand at your convenience. Contact the author via LinkedIn or learn more about NXP sensors. About the Author With nearly 30 years of experience in the field of automotive and MEMS sensors, Marc Osajda is responsible for European automotive MEMS sensors business development activities at NXP Semiconductors. Osajda holds an engineering degree in mechanics and electronics from the French Ecole Nationale Superieure d’Arts et Métiers (ENSAM). NXP Semiconductors is an active member of MEMS Sensors Industry Group®(MSIG), a SEMI technology community that connects the MEMS and sensors supply network in established and emerging markets to enable members to grow and prosper. Visit us today.

New treatments for vascular disease. Optimized agricultural production. Beefed up performance of wearable devices and flexible displays. Four students with their sights set on making the world a better place won Innovators of the Future awards at the 20th Annual FLEX Conference in late February after presenting novel ideas for advancing flexible electronics in the popular student poster event. It was clear that all of these young innovators are working on projects with the potential to impact our lives in the near future. Their work is critical to advancing products, devices and basic research in flexible electronics. Posters created by the 17 students who competed for the awards were judged by a multidisciplinary panel of industry experts. The posters reflected a broad range of applications enabled by flexible hybrid devices and covered technology for wearables, medical devices and precision agriculture. Innovators of the Future Award Winners Robert Herbert from the Georgia Institute of Technology won first place for his paper Smart and Connected Stent System with Nanomembrane Soft Sensors for Wireless Monitoring of Hemodynamics. Vascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for over 30% of all fatalities. Early diagnosis and monitoring blood pressure and flow rates are critical to effective treatment. Herbert’s poster introduced a less costly, less invasive and more revealing (spoiler alert) sensor system that uses a flexible, wireless biosensor system with an inductive medical stent and capacitive pressure sensors. The laser-machined stent uses multi-layered material integration to function as an inductive coil for wireless communication while maintaining mechanical properties similar to conventional vascular stents. The stent and sensor system can be easily deployed using conventional catheter procedures. Watch his presentation. Jose Waimin from Purdue University’s School of Materials Engineering was one of two second-place winners for his poster that shows how real-time monitoring of ion concentration, moisture, pH, microbial activity and other key metrics in agricultural production can optimize crop yields while reducing environmental impacts. His work presented a scalable alternative for manufacturing low-cost flexible sensors that can be used in an array of applications. Electrodes are manufactured in a Roll-to-Roll (R2R) process to enables fast production at a very low cost per device. Watch his talk. Benham Garakani from Binghamton University, Center for Advanced Microelectronics Manufacturing (CAMM) was the other second-place winner for his paper Electromechanical Behavior of Flexible Silver Paste and Highly Stretchable Liquid Metal for Wearable Electronics. Garakani explored how to improve fabrication of reliable, comfortable wearable devices to boost performance and functionality using substrates such as nonwoven high-density polyethylene fibers (HDPE) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Garakani also examined the electromechanical reliability of screen-printed silver trace on HDPE fibers and stencil-printed liquid metal (Ga-In-Sn alloy) on TPU during isothermal fatigue cycling. Watch his presentation. Sridhar Sivapurapu from the Georgia Institute of Technology won third place for his poster Flexible and Ultra-Thin 30µm Glass Substrates for RF and mmWave Flex Applications. Sivapurapu’s poster addressed the increasing demand for maximizing the mechanical flexibility of flexible displays while maintaining or improving their electrical performance. Sivapurapu focused on both electrical and mechanical properties for determining the viability of ultra-thin glass stack-ups for flexible RF applications by benchmarking the electrical performance of the ultra-thin glass stack-up to 110 GHz. He also examined electrical characterization during bending tests using free arc bending. Watch his talk. The Innovators of the Future award was sponsored by FlexEnable, a technology provider that develops flexible organic electronics technologies and OTFT materials. All FLEX Conference 2021 presentations are available through March 26, 2021 by registering for the event. Gity Samadi is co-chair of the FLEX Conference student poster awards and program manager at SEMI FlexTech.

Nikki Zaahir joined SEMI last year as senior program administrator on the SEMI Works team after spending the last 15 years designing, coordinating and directing programs that help people develop job skills and find full-time employment. Her career includes roles at the Department of Defense, the National Security Agency, America Works and Vehicles for Change.I spoke with Nikki about her passion for workforce development as we celebrate Black History Month.Williams: What does Black History Month mean to you?Zaahir: Black History Month means to me an opportunity to highlight the overwhelming influence of the inventions that Black Americans contributed to this country. Of all the Black history shared this month, it’s the inventors that have always intrigued and excited me the most. I grew up in a home with parents that taught my siblings and me the history of our culture every day. However, each February I was allowed to research and share my own list of what we called “little known Black history facts.” A couple of my favorites from my childhood are Lonnie Johnson, who invented the Super Soaker water gun, and Alexander Miles, who developed automatic elevator doors in 1887. Frankly, Black History Month reminds me to be proud to be Black and to take a moment to pay homage to the excellence and fortitude of my people.Williams: Where are you from, and where did you go to school?Zaahir: I am from the suburbs of Maryland right outside of Washington, D.C. I grew up in a military family. My father was the first black 1st Sargent in his transportation company. His unit was responsible for transporting heavy artillery equipment around the world. I went to Meade Senior High School on the army base of Fort Meade.Williams: How did you get started in the semiconductor industry?Zaahir: While in the 11th grade, I was actively recruited by a semiconductor company that had recently won a National Security Agency government contract at Fort Meade to make semiconductors for the military.I excelled in English and Science and met the requirements for the work study, which allowed me to spend half of my day in school and the other half at a work study assignment. The company tested a couple of hundreds of students and I was one of the 34 chosen for the career development program. I worked as a technician responsible for the fabrication and processing of the semiconductor wafer. My favorite steps of this process were the spin on glass and gasses chambers in the fab. What lit a fire in me was the realization that there is a whole world of technology opportunities that people like me were unaware of.Nikki Zaahir, in her former role as National Director of Workforce Development and Training at Vehicles for Change, with interns training to be certified automotive technicians.Williams: Did you have any mentors or sponsors who were particularly meaningful as you developed your career?Zaahir: I’ve been very fortunate to be mentored and supported by many people on my professional journey. Peter Cove and Dr. Lee Bowes are a social activist couple who own America Works. They were instrumental in my understanding of workforce development by teaching me that self-sufficiency through gainful employment can change generational poverty. However, the most meaningful people to me are those whose lives I’ve had the absolute pleasure to help change. For example, at Vehicles for Change, I created a social enterprise designed to assist returning citizens (people formerly incarcerated) with training and job placement. In three years, we placed 200 men and women in the workforce with no one reoffending or returning to prison within three years. What made this group of individuals special is that I chose to focus on violent offenders that served 10 years or more in prison.Williams: What motivates you in your work?Zaahir: What drives me is helping people become aware of careers that could not only change their lives but the lives of their families, and waking up every day determined to be that conduit of information and job opportunities.Williams: What is wonderful and challenging about workforce development?Zaahir: Inspiring people to consider educations and careers that may have never been on their minds is the most rewarding aspect of workforce development. To see people who have felt left out of training and employment opportunities due to their backgrounds or lack of higher education take charge and pursue educations and careers that before were only a dream makes this work worth it. On the other side of that, convincing someone who has felt left behind or unworthy of a better life for themselves and their family can be challenging.Williams: Is there a particular story about someone you’ve worked with or helped that you’d like to tell?Zaahir: Eight-time Grammy award winning artist Lauryn Hill of the legendary hip hop group The Fugees once said “In my travels all over the world, I have come to realize that what distinguishes one child from another is not ability, but access. Access to education, access to opportunity, access to love.”I have been blessed beyond measure to work with and help so many people at this point in my career. What I’d like to share is while talent is abundant, access and opportunity are not. That is the story.Williams: What is something unusual about you that people might not know?Zaahir: I’ve studied at the Arthur Findlay College, the world’s foremost college for the Advancement of Spiritualism and Psychic Sciences. Oh! the ghost stories I could tell.Williams: What would you tell young people interested in working in the semiconductor industry?Zaahir: In this industry, you will develop transferable skills for almost any career in manufacturing or production and the ability to make a salary that will provide the opportunity to afford living in safe neighborhoods, reliable transportation and vacations! You can pursue a wide range of skills, training, education and other professional development opportunities in this industry – all while maintaining a healthy work-life balance.Michelle Williams is deputy director of the SEMI Foundation.

Ride the Wave of Smarter Manufacturing The year 2020 sparked a tremendous acceleration in the digital transformation worldwide, driving a sharp rise in demand for semiconductors and escalating pressure on chip factories to reduce manual functions on the shop floor. The mindset of the semiconductor industry saw a remarkable shift as it recognized with heightened urgency the need to deploy data-driven visualization, analysis, scheduling and dispatching solutions to increase automation to improve production speed and efficiency. Amidst the new excitement around Industry 4.0, chip manufacturers are rapidly deploying new technologies including IIoT, big data, machine learning and Autonomous Intelligent Vehicles (AIVs). Yet for many chip manufacturers, the path to building a smart factory is far from clear because they lack an overall digital transformation strategy. Smart manufacturing is a broad concept covering an array of technologies and solutions, making a holistic, mid- to long-term digitalization strategy rooted in the overall business strategy crucial. There are no shortcuts that can move a manufacturer instantly to Industry 4.0. Instead, this transformation is a step-by-step undertaking with a natural evolution. Some Factory Tasks Must Remain Manual – For Now The semiconductor industry has reached a point where manual processes are no longer efficient enough to support mass chip customization and remote operations. The many technological and standardization advances behind automation can help streamline some of a factory’s most labor-intensive tasks including the loading or unloading of machines or lot tracking and data collection while reducing operational costs. Still, some tasks remain very difficult to automate. For example, handling errors and exceptions presents the greatest challenge since some errors are hard to anticipate. What’s more, the cost of automating error handling can be prohibitive. Eliminating Gaps in Connectivity Often, critical data sources aren’t available due to lack of equipment integration, incomplete product quality monitoring or gaps in material tracking. Closing these gaps in connectivity enables the collection of data and provides rich, reliable information for analysis and reporting that can drive continuous operational improvements, optimizations and efficiencies throughout a factory. But keep in mind that data integration alone can be a challenging task. The selection and proper enrichment of relevant data is, in many cases, not just a technical problem but requires a detailed and in-depth knowledge of the manufacturing steps to be analyzed and optimized. Even when data is available, it might be still difficult to make decisions or implement improvements if it is in siloed systems that require manual processes to integrate and translate into useful information. Problem solving at this level is possible but extremely time-consuming. Manual integration is not only ineffective but costly, draining time, human resources and money from the factory. The right contextual information for the data is vital to unleash its potential and make improvements possible. Dispersed solutions cannot control processes because they span functional areas and people, physical and business entities. Backbone software for shop-floor operations that controls all other applications is central to smart manufacturing. Data-Driven Manufacturing The semiconductor industry is expert in data collection and leads many other industries in this area. The problem is often that chip companies use only a fraction of the information they collect for the analysis and insights needed to improve operational efficiency. By comprehensively integrating all distributed data into a single version of truth – in one location where it is always available – companies can make data analysis and problem solving almost frictionless. Keep in mind that data platforms and edge solutions, within the context of manufacturing, will not be adopted as part of a greenfield initiative. Building a solid automation architecture is only feasible and beneficial by deploying new technologies such as machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Analysis of historical data provides important context and reveals deviations such as unexpected process time, uncommon material accumulations or issues with material transport. By integrating swift control actions for new data point collected, manufacturing operations can shift from reactive problem-solving to proactive analysis and operational improvements. The tremendous increase in interest and investment in AI for manufacturing automation only became possible with the availability of low-cost sensors that generate huge volumes of data and solutions for storing and processing that at low cost. AI and other leading-edge technologies transform the tedious but critical process of extracting insights from data, making it instantaneous, streamlined and achievable for every manufacturer. The maturity of smart manufacturing hinges on the extent to which a factory is data-driven. This requires foundational investments to improve traceability, connectivity and real-time operations – and finally making sure that data helps us what to do and when to do it. Ricco WALTER is managing director of SYSTEMA Automation in Singapore.

SEMI spoke with Andreas C. Zimmer, Executive Search and Selection Consultant at ZIAN Co industrial consulting and recruitment, about strategies for attracting and retaining talent and promoting careers in semiconductor industry. Zimmer shared his views ahead of his presentation at the SEMI Fab Management Forum, 17 February, as part of the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit, 15-19 February 2021, an online event. Join us to meet experts from ZIAN Co. and other key industry influencers. Registration is open. SEMI: What makes the semiconductor industry such a great career destination? Zimmer: The semiconductor industry is an interesting world for anyone involved in or just fascinated by high-end technology. But if we think about our mobile phones, personal computers or cars, we should all ask ourselves what technology is behind these devices we use in our daily life. The classical Newtonian physics does not reveal the source of the pixels in our mobile phones or why a navigation system knows where I currently am and how I’m supposed to drive to avoid the traffic jam ahead. The semiconductor industry truly is the technological pacesetter. The technologies and applications developed by SEMI and its members are the multipliers directly impacting our daily life. Moore's law not only affects the development of chips themselves, but also how we use the applications and devices they enable. Think about the size-performance ratio of modern smartphones compared to the first- and second-generation devices in the 1970s and 1980s, or compare today's BMW with one from the 1960s. The problem is that the industry is too hermetic. We perceive a lack of willingness to go out and tell in a generally understandable way what this industry is all about! Everyone knows Apple, Samsung, Nokia, but who, besides the specialists, knows NXP, Infineon, TSMC or LFoundry? Many companies are largely unknown to the general public! So why should a graduate from a technical university choose a company such as Applied Materials, TEL or ASML? During their studies students will inevitably have come in touch with IC or MEMS companies, but do they also know what is behind them? Do they really know the value chain that leads to the end product? SEMI: What can the chip industry do to better attract talent? Zimmer: Our industry is extremely attractive for anyone who is interested in technology and would like to push things ahead, but unfortunately access to this industry is almost reserved to the initiated who, in whatever way, came in touch with the industry at some point. Let me get this straight: This is not a conscious, willful attitude. It is just the result of our industry’s hermetic attitude. In my opinion, there is no overarching, uniform strategy in marketing, communications or advertising to promote the potential of the semiconductor industry to a wider audience. That’s why SEMI and the cooperation of its members in attracting talent is essential. SEMI: What concrete actions do you suggest for attracting and retaining talent? Zimmer: In German there is the saying “Do good and talk about it!” – and this is exactly what should be implemented. It is not enough to place an ad when necessary, to promote something here and there, perhaps to sponsor a chair or to provide a device free of charge. These are certainly all reasonable actions, but rather random and not long-term or strategic. Furthermore, these actions will reach only a relatively small group of people. The industry should organize structured recruitment activities under a long-term plan, over 10 years or even extending to the next generation. This shouldn't be a rigid corset, but rather a guideline closely informed by the chip industry’s technology roadmap and companies across the supply chain. If it is the task of an organization’s board and the management to define the strategic direction and to set specific goals, it should be the task of technical management to ensure that these goals can and will be achieved. However, this will only succeed if human resources is involved from the very beginning and can plan appropriate personnel resources accordingly. Employees retire, quit and change employers. New materials, technologies, applications and processes are being developed and require new, specific knowledge. Market requirements change. All of these components need to be recognized and considered in early planning. SEMI: What is your experience as a consultant? Zimmer: As consultants, we experience how organizations literally fall out of the clouds when the situation within the organization itself drastically changes, because a strategically important colleague is retiring or suddenly leaving the team for whatever reason. Then, quite surprisingly, the question “Where and how quickly can we find the suitable replacement?” arises. Instead, that departure should be considered as a possible development up front in overall talent planning – a plan B to keep in the drawer. Developing and implementing a long-term HR development roadmap, aligned with the technology roadmap, enables a company to anticipate when specific resources are needed, identify the right people and get them onboard without gaps. It is also important to keep your team informed and involved in all decisions and process changes, and to make sure they get the respect and appreciation they deserve. Employer-employee cooperation over the long term only works when the relationship is a win-win for both parties. If an organization sees the relationship as one-sided to its exclusive benefit, sooner or later the worker will be terminated or quit at the expense of the organization. Truly live the statement “Our people are our best and most valuable resources!” SEMI: When should organizations start attracting young talent? Zimmer: The sooner, the better! Communications aimed at attracting future employees should be designed to reach people of all ages and levels of education. For many years, the tobacco industry targeted young people by demographic, considering their age, education and cultural mindset to ensure they perceived cigarettes as cool. The result? Many people became addicted, mostly for life, just because some clever communications expert touched the right spot! Our industry will not attract teenagers like tobacco corporations did, but the strategy is basically the same: arouse the curiosity of your target group and speak their language. A possible scenario: A company starts and establishes a relationship with neighboring technical, middle and high schools by providing equipment, documentation, and employees who serve as teachers or coaches, and organizing guided tours, seminars and workshops in coordination with the school management. The cooperation continues with the university, where the respective chairs are supported and financed. With a little creativity there are endless possibilities! In our day-to-day business, we observe that large, well-known companies such as Bosch and Daimler are practically sitting on the lap of students in key universities and institutes, yet are unable to identify talent very early and bind them to their company. SEMI: How can organizations capitalize on shifting retirement patterns to help narrow their talent gap? Zimmer: The answer to this arises from considerations related to personnel planning in connection with a company’s technology roadmap. If the roadmap is linked to HR plans, you automatically have an overview of the time-critical moments when personnel gaps might arise. Then you can easily close these gaps, for example by arranging the onboarding of a successor for a specific position long before the job holder leaves. Considering notice periods and approval processes, a period of at least two years should be planned in order to be prepared for personnel changes. Of course, much of this varies depending on the importance of the position to the organization and the size of the talent pool. For example, it will probably be easier and faster to hire and train a sales engineer than the successor for a development manager, when you know there are maybe only 10 people worldwide who are, professionally speaking, at his level. And this is equally true for internal promotions: Always keep an eye on your own people and try to discover their greatest talent! Senior people tend to look outside the organization rather than just around the corner. Maybe the right talent is sitting next to you. Stay tuned and talk to your people to implement a strategic knowledge transfer as part of your organizational culture. Another aspect that is often overlooked is the deputy function: We often find functions in organizations that literally have a unique selling proposition. But there is no deputy, no one who can step in case of an emergency, because no other colleague possesses the knowledge and information to take over if necessary. Usually this is not a problem during a vacation or illness, but what do you do if a key job holder suddenly cannot work from one day to the other? SEMI: What is the role played by artificial intelligence? Zimmer: AI is both a risk and an opportunity. A new technology can always mean danger if it is used incorrectly, and I am not talking about job losses! This has always proven to be a mistake in the past. On the contrary, new technologies create new jobs! New technology accelerates communication, creates new platforms for interaction, shortens decision-making processes, and turns the world into a small village. In your interview with David Meyer CEO of Lynceus, he hits the nail on the head: The great advantage of AI in our industry is likely to be the management, handling, analysis and drawing of conclusions from an incredible amount of information at an unbelievable speed. Without AI, information cannot be controlled to this extent, not to mention accurately evaluated in real time. The mastery of these processes and the learning curve that results from them – for example for the determination of quality levels – should set completely new manufacturing standards. SEMI: How can technology unite us? What do you expect from your participation at SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit? SONAR GmbH has been in this industry as a personnel and business consultant firm for 25 years now. We have experienced many pig cycles since 1995 and accompanied our customers through all the ups and downs, only to have learned one thing in the end: The semiconductor industry is unfortunately still too fixated on technology and overlooks the fact that this technology is made by people for people. The EU's latest Pact for Skills, which was presented at end of November 2020 by Commissioners Schmidt and Breton, foresees 2 billion € investment to generate 250,000 new jobs in the electronics industry throughout Europe! In 2013, we aimed to sensitize semi industry executives, managers and CEOs to the importance of human resources to the well-being and success of organizations. It’s vitally important to invest in day-to-day relationships with your employees to foster their careers and address their needs. The SEMI Fab Management Forum will feature leading game changers of semiconductor operations to highlight best practices for achieving sustainable operations beyond 2020 and exploring the latest solutions for smarter tools and smarter processes. Andreas C. Zimmer is executive search and selection consultant at ZIAN Co industrial consulting and recruitment, specializing in recruiting talent for high-end technologies in areas such as LED, PV, semiconductors, electronics, and test and measurement. A personnel and industrial consultant with more than 20 years of experience, Andreas is active throughout Europe, the United States and Asia. For more insights about workforce and skills strategies, please see SEMI Workforce Development activities and the European METIS project. Serena Brischetto is senior manager of Marketing and Communications at SEMI Europe.

Materials science – a field that includes elements of applied physics, chemistry, and mulit-disciplinary engineering applied to magnetics, metallurgy, ceramics, polymers and silicon – serves as the foundation for technologies that have driven much of the tech sector’s economic growth for the past 50 years. As our devices grow smaller, faster and smarter – while also requiring higher performance and greater energy efficiency – we’re reaching the limits of what can be accomplished with these fundamentals. The technology sector needs renewed research and investment in new materials to help address the challenges we face in a rapidly changing world. Leading TDK Ventures, the investment arm of TDK Corporation, I’m happy to report that a number of young companies have stepped up to the challenge of innovating materials science for the 21st century. In the past 18 months, we invested in multiple startups dedicated to reimagining the basic building blocks of materials science and identifying new ways to push technology forward – in fact, three of them have successfully gone public or been acquired over the last year. This demonstrates not just a renewed interest in materials science research but also highlights the momentum for healthy returns on materials science investments. Or, as I like to say, it’s the return of materials science returns. Materials science at the atom level For high-tech investors, materials science went out of favor the past 10 or 15 years, because investment in software development companies began to deliver very healthy returns in relatively short time frames – often in as little as two or three years. Product development in materials science traditionally requires much more capital and takes a lot longer to generate returns than software startups. Today’s hardware innovators are making it clear that we’ve only begun to scratch the surface of what’s possible in the materials sciences. Unlike 20 years ago, we can develop products like graphene, which consists of a single layer of carbon atoms that is about 200 times stronger than steel and an excellent conductor of both heat and electricity. Nanometer-scale materials like this enable the design of ultra-low power, high-performance components that can integrate multiple functionalities onto very small devices and create opportunities that were impossible only a few years ago. With advances like this, the future of materials science is regaining its luster. Investors welcome materials science startups Three materials science startups with successful exits: GenCell, which went public in 2020, develops fuel cell solutions that offer clean backup power for a variety of commercial, industrial and healthcare operations and can be used for off-grid power and rural electrification in a wide range of temperature and humidity conditions. GenCell’s revolutionary process creates hydrogen-on-demand from anhydrous ammonia (NH3) at 10 times the efficiency of other solutions, without any outside electrical power.GenCell fuel cells enable hydrogen and oxygen to react in an emissions-free chemical process that produces electricity and heat, with pure water as the only by-product. Origin, acquired by Stratasys in 2020, creates 3D printer platforms that offer an additive manufacturing approach to mass manufacturing, with the freedom of open materials. Using Origin 3D printers, customers can print products of their own design from a range of materials, or from their own proprietary materials. Origin maintains strategic partnerships with the largest materials science companies in the world and print products for leading companies in the dental, medical, and industrial sectors. SLD Laser, acquired by KYOCERA in 2020, produced the world's first high-luminance, fully integrated white laser light emitter. The emitter is based on a gallium nitride solid-state laser projected through a high-performance phosphor element that converts the blue laser to broad-spectrum, incoherent white light that eliminates eye safety risks. The resulting light source emits 100x more luminance, projects 10 times the distance than an LED, and is being incorporated into a range of specialty, display and automotive lighting applications. Materials matter Many of the fundamental technological innovations of the last century, including advances in semiconductors, biotechnology, and server technology, were based on breakthroughs in materials science. At TDK Ventures, we believe the only way to advance further is to return to materials research to identify new ways to expand the horizons of science and technology. For some established companies, this may require a pivot from traditional ways of getting things done and embracing fresh ways of thinking. It means thinking more like a startup and welcoming the challenges of change and new opportunities. We also believe that these innovations should not just push the boundaries of existing disciplines but contribute to preserving our environment and improving the lives of people. This is one of the founding principles of TDK Ventures: Our investments must contribute to digital and energy transformation and help lead to a more sustainable world. Our goal is to help every startup we invest in achieve their full potential for positive world impact. For instance, GenCell fuel cells bring emissions-free electrical power to rural communities far from traditional electrical grids, helping raise living standards without reliance on polluting diesel generators. Laser lights from SLD Laser are more power-efficient than traditional LED lamps, as lights last over 10,000 hours longer than equivalent HID (high-density discharge) lamps. Origin 3D printer platforms enable safe, localized manufacturing, and are geared toward minimizing energy waste in the supply chain. We’re just scratching the surface of what’s possible with materials science. At TDK Ventures, we’re dedicated to delivering meaningful financial results while exploring the potential of new and transformative technologies to bring positive change to our society and environment. Nicolas Sauvage is managing director at TDK Ventures, the corporate venture capital (CVC) arm of Japan-headquartered electronics manufacturer TDK Corporation. TDK Ventures is a technology-focused venture fund, investing globally in early-stage startups that leverage fundamental materials science to bolster innovations in Digital Transformation (DX), Energy Environmental Transformation (EX), unlocking an attractive and sustainable future for the world.

The recent global pandemic redefined well-established paradigms in healthcare. The classic model involving frequent hospital visits is no longer viable due to the risk of contagion. The focus is now on remote and pervasive vital sign monitoring solutions and automated data processing for health assessment. Social-distancing-friendly technologies, such as wearables, implantables, insertables and ingestables that enable long-term monitoring, can help detect medical abnormalities both in individuals and large populations. SEMI spoke with Carlos Agell, program manager and principal member of Technical Staff at imec, about remote vital sign monitoring using innovative form factors and methodologies. imec’s healthcare technology vison for remote care systems will be the focus of Agell’s presentation at the SEMI MedTech Forum, 19 February, as part of the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit, 15-19 February 2021, online event. Join us to meet experts from imec and other key industry influencers. Registration is open. SEMI: What is driving innovation in diagnostics and what is the role played by the semiconductor industry? Agell: There is a clear need for remote diagnostics triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Two examples are respiration monitoring and SARS-CoV2 testing technologies. The fact that some of the more obvious symptoms of COVID-19 are respiratory has revealed a big gap in medtech: the need for low-friction, ambulatory, continuous and pervasive respiratory monitoring solutions. At imec we have been working on bioimpedance-based technologies (from chipsets to smartphone-enabled sensing devices) that can provide feasible solutions in that space. Hence, novel sensing modalities from the semiconductor industry can make a difference when it comes to remote ambulatory respiratory monitoring. On the other hand, SARS-CoV2 diagnostic technologies have become paramount during the health crisis. In this space there is a clear need to simplify, speed up and lower the cost of testing. Additionally, from a practical perspective society needs to prevent virus spreading. imec is spearheading an innovative semiconductor-based solution aimed at simplifying SARS-CoV2 testing by collecting aerosols from subjects’ breath using a silicon-based solution for analysis using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, the gold standard in COVID-19 testing. Determining viral load in exhaled breath is a clear indicator of infectiousness, and detecting subjects with a high viral load is key when developing these rapid tests to facilitate economic recovery. A cost-effective and speedy though reliable SARS-CoV2 testing solution opens up possibilities for its use as gating mechanism (such as testing to allow access to facilities and prior to boarding a plane) to help jump-start some of the hardest-hit sectors in the economy, such as travel and hospitality (hotels and restaurants) by enabling more in-person interactions. SEMI: Please share more about imec’s commitment to improving the healthcare sector. Agell: imec R D is active in the field of remote unobtrusive respiration solutions, which are vital in treating respiratory system conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COVID-19. These solutions rely on a combination of silicon chipsets, sensor integration and algorithms to interpret sensor data. As part of our effort to understand biological fundamentals, imec’s multi-electrode array (MEA) platform for heart-on-chip applications offers unparalleled capabilities to acquire high-density information (4444 electrodes/mm2) to enable extra- and intracellular recordings, electrical stimulation and impedance gauging to study patient-derived cardiomyocytes, cells that make up the heart muscle. imec is developing a rapid, low-cost SARS-COV2 test based on breath analysis (aerosol capture) aimed at a 5-minute analysis. Such tool is a key to economic recovery, and imec is planning large-scale testing of the prototype device at Brussels Airport later in 2021. imec has recently supported spinoffs and external companies that develop social distancing tools for usage during the pandemic. Healthcare is a key strategic area at imec, with multiple departments working on complementary topics, ranging from cell-sorting technologies and multi-electrode arrays, through sensors and systems for non-invasive cardiorespiratory and neurological monitoring, all the way to advanced processing of medical data and tooling for trials. SEMI: How is the pandemic impacting remote diagnostics? What’s new in that field? Agell: The pandemic has accelerated advances in remote diagnostics for healthcare – for example making remote doctor visits possible and launching telehealth into a successful sector. But in my opinion, this is just the starting point. Telehealth doctors will soon need to collect health data points such as body temperature, weight, or blood pressure remotely, the same information they collect during an office visit. Soon thereafter though, doctor’s will need more and more data, sparking the next stage of advances in remote diagnostics as algorithms are developed to analyze sizeable amounts of data. All in all, it will result in a big move from doctor-centric paradigms to more patient-centric solutions. Hopefully that jump will also drive a more proactive approach to health, enabling prevention and keeping people healthy, and leaving behind the era of curing the sick. imec research tools for respiratory monitoring will come in the form of a health patch. SEMI: Besides infectious disease diagnostics, what solutions will enable a paradigm shift? Can you name two global market trends related to the rising need for remote diagnostics? Agell: The paradigm shift in healthcare will be largely fueled by the hyperconnectivity trend. Communications are fast and far-reaching. The pandemic has proven that healthcare, similar to retail, banking, trading and business in general, can also be done partly remotely through a communications line. The need for proof of performance in the case of diagnostics has been proven challenging, due to the highly regulated medical field and the general conservativeness of this market. There is a clear trend underway in which algorithms and automated diagnostics are slowly gaining the trust of the medical community. Trials and regulatory submissions will help here, but the clear proof will be the general trust of the medical community (and general population) in solutions that have been on the market for a while. Similar to what happened with GPS navigation technologies back in the day, it would require a critical mass to reach general acceptance. As far as the healthcare market is concerned, there is a forecast bounce back from telehealth into hybrid models (a mix between in-office visits and telehealth) as a first post-pandemic scenario. Although this is perceived as the best of both worlds, its effectiveness and survival within the market is still to be proven. A clear market trend accelerated by the pandemic is the commoditization of health and wellness features in consumer electronics. A glimpse into consumer electronics venues reveals that watches, smartphones, weight scales and even your office chair or mattress will soon be collecting healthcare information. imec MultiElectrode Array (MEA) chipset SEMI: What is imec’s role in addressing the challenges and trends in healthcare? Agell: As an R D organization, imec offers expertise in the semiconductor, integration, data interpretation, data management and health-specific application domains. Thanks to our experience in horizontal technology and multiple application domain verticals (including healthcare), imec provides solutions to partners that push the boundaries of performance in health-tangential fields such as communications, consumer electronics, automotive and energy. imec is part of big European initiatives aiming to tackle the challenges of the pandemic. For example, we recently started working on the Digipredict project, which aims at early intervention in infectious diseases. We’re working with key players in the research domain within the EU such as École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, University of Twente and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich. Additionally, imec has worked for market leaders in the healthcare sector such as Philips and Biotelemetry (recently integrated in Philips) and can help partners make the next health solution a reality. SEMI: How can technology unite us? What do you expect from your participation at SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit? Agell: I am a big optimistic on this pandemic. I believe technology has played a key role in putting boundaries around damage caused by the global health crisis. Technology does not only unite us, but it arguably saves lives! My personal expectation for the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit is for us to get a better understanding about how the semiconductor industry reacts to a pandemic and upcoming post-pandemic scenario. I am curious to see if health-related trends emerge, and whether this is a transitory effect. During the last global pandemic, the semiconductor industry was not even existing, so there is no clear precedent for the current situation. Carlos Agell, program manager and principal member of Technical Staff at imec, where he oversees the development of projects and sets strategy directions for research topics. He has a background in wearable device development, having taken leadership roles in development of two FDA-approved medical devices in the field of wearable cardiology. He is member of the Dutch chapter of the standardization committee, which develops next-generation international standards for active medical devices. Carlos Agell holds two MSc degrees in Electronics Engineering and EECS from the Polytechnical University of Catalonia (Spain) and the University of California in Irvine (Irvine, CA, USA). Serena Brischetto is senior manager of Marketing and Communications at SEMI Europe.

SEMI spoke with Dr. Franz Laermer, Research Fellow (Senior Chief Expert) at Robert Bosch GmbH Stuttgart, Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering, about the latest trends in medical diagnostics and personalized treatments. An open platform for the automation of complex molecular diagnostics workflows recently developed by Robert Bosch has proven its ability to take molecular diagnostics to the point of need.To make this happen, miniaturization, microsystems and microfluidics technologies, as well as microelectronics, are crucial. This is critical for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infections within a rather short development time.Laermer shared his views ahead of his presentation at the SEMI MedTech Forum, 19 February, as part of the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit, 15-19 February 2021, online event. Join us to meet experts from Robert Bosch and other key industry influencers. Registration is open. SEMI: What is driving innovation in diagnostics and what role does the semiconductor industry play?Laermer: One of the major drivers in diagnostics is the molecular breakdown and detailed analysis of nucleic acids on the level of the individual nucleotide. This reveals the root causes of diseases like cancer, genetic aberrations, infections and therapy resistances. Today’s solutions are mostly PCR-based (that rely on the polymerase chain reaction) or depend on sequencing. The keys to bring these technologies closer to the point of need are automation, miniaturization, low-cost, ease of use, flexibility, reliability, and fast time from sample-to-result. Semiconductor and microsystems technologies are enablers to meet these requirements, thanks to their ever-increasing performance, with Moore’s law pushing the semiconductor side of the story.SEMI: Can you tell us more about the the Bosch VIVALYTIC system? Laermer: VIVALYTIC is a universal and highly flexible diagnostic platform for the integration and automation of a wide variety of molecular diagnostics assays. It consists of the universal laboratory analyzer tool, which operates the application-specific cartridges. All reagents and specific bio contents are contained in the application-specific cartridges in a long-term stable manner at room temperature. The user only has to introduce the patient sample into the cartridge, push the cartridge into the analyzer and start the automatic workflow, which yields a diagnostic result within typically less than one hour. The VIVALYTIC products are manufactured by Bosch Healthcare Solutions GmbH (BHCS) in cooperation with strategic diagnostic partners and bio content owners.SEMI: How is the pandemic impacting automated diagnostics in the medical industry? What is new now?Laermer: The pandemic has clearly shown the importance of fast automated diagnostics at the point of need. Breaking infection chains as early as possible requires fast reliable PCR testing anywhere and anytime. We managed to reduce the time needed for SARS-CoV-2 rapid testing to less than 30 minutes for positive probes, an achievement that is embraced by our customers. Until a sufficiently high level of immunization is reached by vaccination, rapid testing is the only way to limit the number of infections, hospitalizations, and lethal outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic.SEMI: Besides infectious disease diagnostics, what solutions will enable a paradigm shift in medical treatments?Laermer: Today more and more targeted drugs and therapies are developed in oncology to address certain mutations that are considered drivers of the cancer. This moves away from the one drug fits all approach to precision oncology. As a prerequisite of this personalized therapy, the mutation status of a tumor must be clarified – and monitored precisely and repetitively during therapy. The latter requires molecular diagnostics at the point of need, i.e. at the onco-ambulance. One keyword in this context is liquid biopsy. Another example of personalized therapy is the detection of bacteria type and antibiotics resistances in bacterial infections, and the selection of optimized antibiotics therapy.SEMI: What solutions can Robert Bosch bring to address the needs just mentioned? Laermer: Robert Bosch GmbH is a leader in microsystems, microsensors and semiconductor technologies. Our new 12-inch semiconductor plant in Dresden will strengthen our position in these fields. This encompasses artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things as well. As a technology provider, we generate superior solutions for automation and management of complex workflows, and thus deliver win-win-solutions together with our diagnostic partners.SEMI: How can technology unite us? Laermer: Technology, especially semiconductor and microsystems technology, is a game changer in the medical area. Whenever different disciplines meet each other and cooperate, as are the medical, diagnostics and semiconductor areas, innovation is accelerated strongly. New things happen at the interfaces between different areas of competencies.Franz Laermer, Research Fellow (Senior Chief Expert), Robert Bosch GmbH Stuttgart, Corporate Sector Research Advance Engineering. Dr. Franz Laermer joined the Corporate Research and Technology Center of Robert Bosch GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany, in 1990, where he started the development of new key technologies and sensor functions for the upcoming field of MEMS at Bosch. Today he is a Bosch Research Fellow/Senior Chief Expert for Microsystems, Microfluidics and Molecular Diagnostics. Laermer's work laid the foundation for the VIVALYTIC Diagnostics Platform of the newly founded Bosch Healthcare Solutions (BHCS) Business Division and the SARS-CoV-2 rapid tests from Bosch. Dr. Franz Laermer is the co-inventor of the Bosch Deep Reactive Ion Etching Process (BOSCH-DRIE) for microstructuring silicon. He holds more than 200 patents and was awarded with European Inventor of the Year 2007 – Category Industry prize by the European Commission and the European Patent Office (together with co-inventor Andrea Urban) for the invention, development and sustainable success of the BOSCH-DRIE process. He received the 2014 IEEE Jun-ichi Nishizawa Medal Award from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), USA. In 2019 he was awarded with the 2019 Technology Prize from the Eduard-Rhein-Foundation in Germany.Serena Brischetto is senior manager of Marketing and Communications at SEMI Europe.

Electric mobility, renewable energy and other technology innovations like IoT, 5G, smart manufacturing and robotics all require reliability, efficiency, and compact power systems, fueling the adoption of Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) to support lower voltages in significantly smaller devices. But chip designers must overcome the technological and economical challenges of integrating the two semiconductor materials into power systems.SEMI spoke with Elisabeth Brandl, Business Development Manager at EV Group about trends and new developments within the power electronics industry and the devices' application in smart mobility. Brandl shared her views ahead of her presentation at the SEMI SMART Mobility Forum, 18 February, as part of the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit, 15-19 February 2021, online event. Join us to meet experts from EV Group and other key industry influencers. Registration is open. SEMI: What is driving new developments in power electronics?Brandl: Globally there are significant changes in infrastructure requirements for communication, automotive and power conversion. We need to look no further than the rising adoption of 5G, electric and hybrid vehicles, and renewable energy as examples of drivers of these changes. The device level, particularly in the field of power electronics, figures prominently in these shifts.The power electronics industry faces a growing number of scenarios where conventional silicon power devices are no longer suitable and are easily outperformed by new architectures mainly based on wide bandgap semiconductor materials like Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN).SEMI: What industry challenges is power electronics innovation aiming to solve? Brandl: Power conversion efficiency is very important and needs further improvement as the related losses significantly contribute to the overall power consumption. For green power and a better environmental footprint, renewable energy is crucial, but so is overall power-consumption efficiency, yet the role of power devices is often underestimated. High-frequency and high-power applications, such as data center applications and inverters for renewable energy, where silicon power electronics are reaching their limits, are also important areas in power electronics.SEMI: How will the transition from silicon to compound semiconductor materials help?Brandl: The superior material properties of several compound semiconductors can tackle the need for lower losses in power conversion or better high-frequency behavior. Today, we mainly talk about GaN and SiC power devices as they are materials well-suited to address these needs. However, other materials like diamond and gallium oxide are in development for these applications. Material properties of SiC that enable thinner materials with lower power losses and better thermal behavior address power conversion efficiency as well as form factor challenges. GaN, especially in a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), can be used for high-frequency applications.SEMI: What enables a better and more cost-effective manufacturability of SiC and GaN power devices?Brandl: For the end customer, a typical figure of merit regarding the cost effectiveness is $ per Ampere or Watt. While this seems simple, the reality is of course more complex. It is important to understand the main cost contributors within the manufacturing area. For SiC, this is clearly the substrate cost. In my presentation, I will show a way to reduce this cost via wafer bonding. For GaN, epitaxy – a method for growing or depositing mono crystalline films on a substrate – is the critical parameter. And of course, yield has a very big impact on cost effectiveness too, which means that good process control including metrology is very important.SEMI: Many semiconductor companies are already transitioning to silicon carbide and gallium nitride. Can you give us an example of a success story?Brandl: All the big power device manufacturers have either acquired or developed their SiC and/or GaN power device technology, so they also see a bright future for these wide bandgap semiconductors in the power device market. The most prominent success story is STMicroelectronics with its SiC MOSFET power devices, which have been implemented by Tesla in its Model 3 vehicles since 2018.SEMI: What is coming next?Brandl: New materials for power devices are being explored, such as diamond and gallium oxide. For SiC, the trend is moving toward 8-inch substrates, which is the focus of the funded EU project REACTION under the coordination of STMicroelectronics. Cost reduction and substrate availability also play a big role. All major power device manufacturers have contracts to secure the supply chain for SiC substrates because material availability is the main uncertainty at this time. Finally, collaborations along the supply chain are crucial and generally beneficial for all parties, as development requirements are better communicated and prioritized.Elisabeth Brandl is Business Development Manager at EV Group. She received her master in technical physics from the Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria in Semiconductor and Solid State Physics. Since 2014, she has been responsible for Product Marketing Management for temporary bonding and compound semiconductors at EVG. The SMART Mobility Forum is the digital platform of SEMI Europe’s Global Automotive Advisory Council (GAAC) for industry stakeholders along the automotive and electronics value chains, from Design, Semiconductor Equipment and Materials Suppliers to Automotive OEMs.Smart Mobility is one of four SEMI initiatives focused on building communities, content, and activities around critical and emerging electronics markets. Read more about our Regional Chapters.Serena Brischetto is senior manager of Marketing and Communications at SEMI Europe.

SEMI spoke with Tom Doyle, founder and CEO of Aspinity, about the challenges of packing more localized intelligence into portable Internet of Things (IoT) devices without draining their batteries. Doyle shared his views on Aspinity’s system-level approach – solve the power problems by performing machine learning in analog – ahead of his presentation at the SEMI MEMS Imaging Sensors Technology Showcase, 18 February, as part of the SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit, 15-19 February 2021, online event. Join us to meet experts from Aspinity and other key industry influencers. Registration is open. SEMI: Why is power efficiency so important for IoT devices? Doyle: Hundreds of millions of IoT devices are improving our lives at home and at work. Always on and always sensing the environment for data, these smart devices have traditionally been wall-powered and have relied on the cloud for their data processing needs, but clogged networks, as well as privacy and performance issues, have necessitated the migration to edge processing.Spanning consumer, medical and industrial, these IoT devices are becoming smaller and more portable. And a portion of them is operating remotely in hard-to-access locations. So now we are packing more functionality into the device and we are moving to battery power and the batteries need to last a long time. That is a big challenge before us, and to answer it, we need to find the most power-efficient ways to integrate always-on sensing capability into IoT devices because we cannot afford to have short battery life limit market adoption.SEMI: Why is it so challenging to deliver low-power, always-on solutions and how can sensors suppliers achieve improvements in system power? Doyle: In today’s always-on IoT devices, all sensor data – which are naturally analog – is immediately digitized at high resolution, and then it’s analyzed to determine whether a wake word has been spoken, a specific motion has been made, or some other anomaly has occurred. But since most of the data collected will not contain the information for which the device is waiting, this digitize-first approach wastes significant battery life by continuously running irrelevant data through the ADC and the digital processor.Sensors suppliers have some options to consider for reducing power. If they are satisfied achieving incremental improvements in battery life, both sensors and digital processor suppliers can continue to drive down the power of each individual component in the system. But to achieve revolutionary power savings, we must look at a more holistic system solution.The fundamental problem is that moving data through a system costs power. That is why the most efficient way to save power is to reduce the amount of data down to what’s actually important as early as possible, right at the start of the signal chain, where the physical world becomes data. If we can minimize the amount of data that require downstream processing, then we can maximize battery life.SEMI: Aspinity aims to solve the battery-life problem in IoT devices by introducing a new system architecture. Could you explain how your approach differs from digitize-first?Doyle: Aspinity’s solution, called the Reconfigurable Analog Modular Processor (RAMP), is an analog processing technology that combines analog machine learning (analogML™) and analog compression to enable accurate, ultra-low-power analog event detection and system wake-up. RAMP technology enables a new system architecture, which we call analyze-first, that allows an always-on system to spend just a little bit of analog power up front at the sensor to determine whether sensed data are relevant to the task at hand before waking the digital system for further processing. The analyze-first architecture can extend battery life by months or years over digitize-first architectures because it keeps the higher-power digital components asleep unless important data require digitization and analysis, which in some applications – such as voice-first or acoustic event detection – may occur very rarely. Aspinity RAMP voice activity detection with preroll from Aspinity on Vimeo. SEMI: Can you give us an example?Doyle: Here is a practical example of how this works: For most voice-enabled systems, such as smart speakers, voice-activated TV remotes and hearables, voice is only present 10%-20% of the time – but the digitize-first architecture on which these devices are traditionally based is digitizing 100% of the sound data captured by the microphone, even when most of that data are irrelevant and could not possibly contain a wake word.In contrast, the RAMP-based analyze-first architecture is highly efficient since it uses feature extraction and a neural network to analyze the sound at the microphone, right where it enters the device, to determine if the sound contains voice before waking the digital wake word engine. Additionally, the accuracy of most wake word engines relies not just on waking up and analyzing the wake word, but also on analyzing the 500ms of sound prior to the wake word (preroll). To support wake word engine performance, the RAMP also continuously compresses 500ms of preroll that can be stored in just 2k of memory and delivered to the wake word engine along with the voice data. So, this new analyze-first approach using RAMP technology can extend battery life by 10 times over older digitize-first designs, without sacrificing performance and accuracy.SEMI: What solutions can Aspinity bring to address the current market needs? Doyle: Aspinity offers the only analogML chip for always-on IoT devices that run on battery: the RAMP chip.The RAMP is trainable and programmable to detect many different types of sensor events directly from the raw analog sensor data. One application that benefits from a RAMP chip are devices that are always-listening for voice, for glass break or alarms, or for some other type of sound. Other examples include vibration sensors that monitor industrial equipment for predictive and preventative maintenance, and heartrate sensors that are used to detect anomalies in wearables and other biomedical applications.Aspinity just recently introduced our voice-first evaluation kit – which we will be demonstrating during the Technology Showcase at Technology Unites – to enable our customers to get first-hand experience with our RAMP-based analog voice wake-up solution. With this complete hardware and software kit, customers can experience all of the benefits of analogML and analog data compression – 10x power savings without a reduction in wake word detection accuracy –for their next generation of voice-enabled devices.SEMI: How can technology unite us? What do you expect from your participation at SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit?Doyle: I think this past year has shown us that when time gets tough – and for many of us, the COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most difficult challenges we have faced – that innovation is critical to solving major problems. The microelectronics industry has played an important role in providing critical components for COVID-19 testing, ventilators, air-purification systems, and other equipment used in healthcare settings. COVID-19 has also accelerated the move to voice as a preferred interface to many devices in an effort to stem the spread of germs on surfaces.The biotech industry is gearing up to provide the vaccines that we hope will restore more normalcy to our daily lives. We can thank the successful collaborations between R D innovators and established companies in many different markets for the new devices and drugs now going into production.With traditional in-person conferences still on hold until the pandemic eases up, attending industry conferences with exceptional speakers presenting interesting content is more important than ever. SEMI Technology Unites Global Summit provides that opportunity, and I’m genuinely looking forward to participating.Tom Doyle, Founder and CEO of Aspinity, brings over 30 years of experience in operational excellence and executive leadership in analog and mixed-signal semiconductor technology to Aspinity. Prior to Aspinity, Tom was group director of Cadence Design Systems’ analog and mixed-signal IC business unit, where he managed the deployment of the company’s technology to the world’s foremost semiconductor companies. Previously, Tom was founder and president of the analog/mixed-signal software firm, Paragon IC solutions, where he was responsible for all operational facets of the company including sales and marketing, global partners/distributors, and engineering teams in the US and Asia. Tom holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from West Virginia University and an MBA from California State University, Long Beach.Serena Brischetto is senior manager of Marketing and Communications at SEMI Europe.